A new formulation of Harnack's inequality for nonlocal operators (Q550410)

The author proves the following new formulation of Harnack's inequality for nonlocal operators: There is a constant \(c>0\) such that for any \(\alpha\in(0,2)\) and any harmonic function \(u:\mathbb{R}^d\to\mathbb{R}\) with \(\Delta^{\alpha/2} u(x)= 0\), \(x\in B_1\), \[ u(x)\leq cu(y)+c\alpha(2- \alpha) \int_{\mathbb{R}^d\setminus B_1} \frac{u^-(z)}{(|z|^2- 1)^{\alpha/2}|z|^d}\,dz\quad\text{for }x,y\in B_{1/2}; \] further, if \(u\geq 0\) in \(B_1\), then \[ u(x)\leq cu(y)+ c\alpha(2-\alpha) \int_{\mathbb{R}^d\setminus B_1} \frac{u^-(z)}{|z|^{d+ \alpha}}\,dz. \] For the case \(\alpha=2\) he also proves that there is a constant \(c>0\) such that for any harmonic function \(u: B_1\to\mathbb{R}\) we have \[ u(x)\leq c\bigg(u(y)+ \int_{\partial B_1} \frac{u^-(z)}{|z|^d}\, dz\bigg)\quad\text{for }x,y\in B_{1/2}. \] He then derives Hölder regularity estimates by an extension of the method of \textit{J. Moser} [Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 14, 577--591 (1961; Zbl 0111.09302)].