On Muckenhoupt-Wheeden conjecture (Q555593)

Assume that \(T\) is a Calderón-Zygmund singular integral operator. It was conjectured by Muckenhoupt and Wheeden many years ago that the following inequality holds: \[ \sup_{\lambda >0} \lambda w(\{ x \in {\mathbb R}^n: | Tf(x) | > \lambda \}) \leq C \int_{{\mathbb R}^n} | f(x) | Mw(x)dx, \] where \(M\) is the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator. This problem is open even for the Hilbert transform. In this direction, \textit{C. Pérez} [J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 49, No.~2, 296--308 (1994; Zbl 0797.42010)] proved the following: \[ \sup_{\lambda >0} \lambda w(\{ x \in {\mathbb R}^n: | Tf(x) | > \lambda \}) \leq C \int_{{\mathbb R}^n} | f(x) | M^2 w(x)dx. \] The author shows that a dyadic version of Muckenhoupt-Wheeden conjecture is false. Let \(M_d\) be the dyadic maximal operator. She shows that there exists a Haar multipler \(T\) such that the inequality \[ \text{(1)} \quad \quad \sup_{\lambda >0} \lambda w(\{ x \in {\mathbb R}^n: | Tf(x) | > \lambda \}) \leq C \int_{{\mathbb R}^n} | f(x) | M_dw(x)dx \] does not hold. Note that \(M_d w \leq Mw\). For the proof, she shows the following: there exist a weight \(w\) and a Haar multiplier \(T\) such that the inequality \[ \int_{{\mathbb R}^n} | Tf(x) |^2 w(x)dx \leq C \int_{{\mathbb R}^n} | f(x) |^2 \Big( \frac{M_d w(x)}{w(x)}\Big)^2 w(x) dx \] does not hold. Using the result by \textit{D. Cruz-Uribe} and \textit{C. Pérez} [J. Funct. Anal. 174, No.~1, 1--17 (2000; Zbl 0976.46018)], it is shown that (1) does not hold for these \(w\) and \(T\).