A context-free and a 1-counter geodesic language for a Baumslag-Solitar group (Q557909)

The authors consider various classes of formal languages, such as regular, context-free, counter and 1-counter, and explain how they are inter-related. They define a normal-form language for the Baumslag-Solitar group \(\text{BS}(1;2)\) and prove that each normal-form word is geodesic, and the language of normal-form words is in a bijective relation to the set of group elements. Finally they prove that normal-form languages are 1-counter languages and that the language of all geodesics for \(\text{BS}(1;2)\) is not a counter language.