A criterion for non-integrability of Hamiltonian systems with nonhomogeneous potentials (Q578956)

The author finds conditions for nonintegrability of classical mechanical systems of two degrees of freedom with nonhomogeneous potentials. The Hamiltonian takes the form \(H(q,p)=(p^ 2_ 1+p^ 2_ 2)/2+V(q_ 1,q_ 2)\) where \(p_ 1\), \(p_ 2\), \(q_ 1\), \(q_ 2\epsilon {\mathbb{C}}\) and V is an entire function of both variables. Solutions are considered in the complex domain as functions of complex time \(t\epsilon\) \({\mathbb{C}}\). His arguments are based on a theorem by \textit{S. L. Ziglin} [Funkts. Anal. Prilozh. 17, No.1, 8-23 (1983; Zbl 0518.58016)] giving sufficient conditions for analytic nonintegrability of this sort of Hamiltonian systems. Many applications of this theorem have appeared since then, and there are also other results for algebraic integrability. In the previous paper [\textit{H. Ito}, Kodai Math. J. 8, 120-138 (1985; Zbl 0577.58016)] a situation was studied where integrability implies the nonbranching of solutions for the variational equations in terms of elliptic functions of time. Here a similar situation is considered, where the novelty consists in considering families of periodic orbits (complex periods in general) bifurcating from a nondegenerate equilibrium point with the energy as parameter. The potential V being nonhomogeneous guarantees non degeneracy of the equilibria. If the analytic continuations of periodic orbits admit poles as singularities in the t-plane, then they define a family of elliptic functions of t. Application of Ziglin's theorem shows that if the system is integrable one can determine the monodromy matrices of the variational equations for the bifurcating periodic solutions. In the restriction to the real analytic case, integrability implies the non branching of solutions for the variational equations if the characteristic exponents of the equilibrium points are \(\pm \alpha\), \(\pm \beta i\) for non zero reals \(\alpha\), \(\beta\). The periodic orbits bifurcating from such a point are hyperbolic orbits, which in the general case give rise to chaotic motions. Application of the results to Henon- Heiles systems is made.