On modified Chebyshev polynomials (Q5898284)

The well-known Chebyshev polynomials of order \(n\) are defined by \(T_n(\cos a)=\cos(na)\), \(U_n(\cos a)=(\sin((n+1)a)/\sin a\). The \(n\)th modified Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind (or the \(n\)th Vièta-Lucas polynomials) are defined by \(\Omega_n(x)=2T_n(\frac x2)\). Similarly, the \(n\)th modified Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind (or Vièta-Fibonacci polynomials) are defined by \(V_n(x)=U_n(\frac x2)\). The authors of the present paper derive some new properties, especially identities, involving these polynomials. Connections with other polynomials (e.g. Horadam polynomials), as well as applications to radical identities, or to generating some trigonometric identities via the analysis of some recurrence sequences, are also pointed out.