Fractional powers of operators (Q5903461)

A new definition of fractional powers is presented to those operators A such that ]-\(\infty,0[\) is contained in the resolvent set \(\rho\) (A), and the resolvent satisfies \(\sup _{\lambda >0}\| \lambda (\lambda +A)^{-1}\| <+\infty\). Our concept of powers differs from those usually handled in literature only when A isn't densely defined and the zero belongs to the spectrum of A. In this case it is showen that the operator \(A^{\alpha}\) that we introduce verifies the additivity for the exponents, the spectral theorem and the relationship \((A^{\alpha})^{\beta}=A^{\alpha \beta}.\) These two last properties had no sense at all for the preceding concepts of powers for the operators A non-densely defined such that \(0\not\in \rho (A).\) Finally, the operator \[ T(\epsilon,n)=A^{\alpha}-\sum ^{n}_{p=0}(- 1)^ p\epsilon ^ p\left( \begin{matrix} \alpha \\ p\end{matrix} \right)[(A+\epsilon)^{-1}]^ p(A+\epsilon)^{\alpha} \] is studied and used to construct a counterexample that shows that two powers whose exponents differ only in the imaginary part have not necessarily the same domain.