The Cauchy problem for Schrödinger type equations with variable coefficients (Q5904072)

The article concerns the Cauchy problem \[ \partial u/\partial t= i\sum (a_{jk}(x)\partial u/\partial x_k)/\partial x_j+ \sum b_j(t, x)\partial u/\partial x_j+ c(x, t)+ f(t,x), \] \[ u(0,x)= u_0(x),\quad x\in\mathbb{R}^n,\quad 0\leq t\leq T, \] where \(a_{jk}= a_{kj}\) are real-valued with all derivatives bounded in \(\mathbb{R}^n\), \(b_j\) and \(c\) are complex-valued with all derivatives bounded for a fixed \(t\). Assuming \[ \sum a_{jk}\xi_j\xi_k\geq c_0|\xi|^2\quad (x,\xi\in\mathbb{R}^n; c_0>0),\quad |\text{Im }b_j|\leq C(1+| x|^2)^{-\sigma/2}\quad (C>0, \sigma\geq 1), \] \[ \sum(\xi_j \partial a_2/\partial\xi_j- x_j\partial a_2/\partial x_j)\geq c_0|\xi|^2\quad (\xi\in\mathbb{R}^n,\;a_2= \sum a_{jk}\xi_j \xi_k), \] \[ |\partial a_{jk}/\partial x^\alpha|< c_\alpha(1+| x|^2)^{-(|\alpha|+ \delta)}\quad (x\in \mathbb{R}^n,\;\alpha\in \mathbb{N}^n,\;\alpha\neq 0,\;\delta>0), \] then the Cauchy problem is \(L^2\) (respectively \(H^\infty\)) -- well posed if \(\sigma>1\) (respectively \(\sigma= 1\)). The proof is based on subtle direct estimates of solutions of the Hamiltonian system \(dX_j/dt= \partial a_2/\partial\xi_j\), \(d\Xi_j/dt= -\partial a_2/\partial x_j\) and the use of pseudodifferential operators.