On moments of negative eigenvalues for the Pauli operator (Q5906288)

The author estimates here the moments \(M_\gamma\) of negative eigenvalues \(\lambda_j\) for the Pauli operator \[ P= (\sigma\cdot (p-A(x)))^2+ V(x), \] acting on \(L^2(R^3, C^2)\). Here \(\sigma\) denotes the vector of Pauli matrices, \(p=-i\nabla\), \(A(x)\in L^2_{\text{loc}}(R^3, R^3)\), and \(M_\gamma= \sum_{\lambda_j<0}|\lambda_j|^\gamma\) for \(\gamma>0\). Let \(B(x)= \text{curl }A(x)\): the magnetic field, \(Q(x,\ell)\): the cube centered at \(x\) with side length \(\ell\), and \[ \ell_p(x)= \sup\Biggl\{\ell> 0; \ell^2\Biggl(\ell^{-3} \int_{Q(x,\ell)}| B(y)|^pdy\Biggr)^{1/p}\leq 1\Biggr\}. \] Let \(b_p(x)\) denote the \(L^p\)-average of \(| B(x)|\) over the cube \(Q(x,\ell_p(x))\). The author proves the Lieb-Thirring type inequality \[ M_1\leq C_1\int | V(x)|^{5/2}_- dx+ C_2 \int [b_p(x)]^{3/2}| V(x)|_- dx, \] by applying the Birman-Schwinger principle, where \(p>3/2\) and \(| V(x)|_-= \max(-V(x), 0)\). If \(B(x)\) has a constant direction, the inequality \[ M_\gamma\leq C_{1,\gamma} \int| V(x)|_-^{\gamma+ 3/2}dx+ C_{2,\gamma} \int b_p(x)| V(x)|^{\gamma+ 1/2}_- dx, \] holds for \(\gamma> 1/2\) and \(p> 1\).