On Terai's conjecture (Q5906341)

Let \((a,b,c)\) be a primitive Pythagorean triple with \(2\mid a\). In 1993, \textit{N. Terai} conjectured that the equation \((*)\) \(x^2+ b^y= c^z\), \(x,y\in \mathbb{N}\), has only the solution \((x,y,z)= (a,2,2)\). This conjecture was proved for some special cases by \textit{N. Terai} [Acta Arith. 63, 351-358 (1993; Zbl 0770.11020)], the reviewer [Acta Arith. 71, 253-257 (1995; Zbl 0820.11023)], \textit{X. Chen} and the reviewer [Proc. Japan Acad., Ser. A 74, 80-81 (1998; Zbl 0919.11026)]. But, in general, the problem is not solved as yet. In the present paper, the authors prove that if \(c\equiv 5\pmod 8\) and either \(b\) or \(c\) is a prime power, then \((*)\) has only the solution \((x,y,z)= (a,2,2)\).