Dynamics of a rational difference equation (Q5916191)

The authors investigate the periodic character, invariant intervals, oscillation and global stability of all positive solutions of the equation \[ {x_{n+1}=\frac{px_{n}+x_{n-k}}{q+x_{n-k}}~\;,~\;\;n=0,1,\dots,}\tag{*} \] where \(p\) and \(q\) and the initial conditions \(x_{-k},\dots,x_{0}\) are nonnegative real numbers. They obtain the following main results : 1. If \(p<q\) and \(-1<p-q\), then the positive equilibrium \(y^{\ast }\) of Eq (*) is globally asymptotically stable . 2. If \(p=q\), then the unique positive equilibrium \(y^{\ast }=1\) of Eq.(*) is a global attractor with a basin \(S=[0,\infty )^{k}\times (0,\infty ).\) 3. If \(p>q\) then the positive equilibrium \(y^{\ast }\) of Eq.(*) is a global attractor of all positive solutions of (*) .