On function spaces (Q5918963)

All topological spaces are assumed to be \(T_0\). The partial order \(\leq_X\) on a topological space \(X\) is defined by the topology as follows: for \(x, y \in X\), \(x \leq_X y\) if and only if for any open \(U \subseteq X(x \in U \Rightarrow y \in U)\). For topological spaces \(X\) and \(Y\), \(C(X,Y)\) is the family of all continuous functions from \(X\) to \(Y\) endowed with the pointwise convergence topology. We consider the partial order \(\leq_\mathcal{P}\) on \(C(X,Y)\) as: for \(f,g \in C(X,Y)\) the relation \(f \leq_\mathcal{P} g\) holds if and only if \(f(x) \leq_Y g(x)\) for every \(x \in X\). Let \(\mathfrak{P}\) denote one of the following properties: (i) possess a least element, (ii) be a \(d\)-space, (iii) be a topological join-semilattice, or (iv) be a sober space. Let \(\mathfrak{D}\) denote one of the properties: (i) be an essentially complete space, (ii) be a (densely) injective space. The authors prove in this article that an arbitrary topological space \(Y\) possesses \(\mathfrak{P}\) if and only if \(C(X,Y)\) has the property \(\mathfrak{P}\) for some (equivalently, for each) space \(X\); moreover, a topological space \(Y\) possesses \(\mathfrak{D}\) if and only if \(C(X,Y)\) has the property \(\mathfrak{D}\) for some (equivalently, for each) \(\alpha^*\)-space \(X\). Finally, they prove that a space \(Y\) is a (sober) \(\Delta\)-space if and only if \(C(X,Y)\) is a (sober) \(\Delta\)-space for some (equivalently, for each) \(\Delta\)-space \(X\). We recall the definition of some terms that appear above: A space \(X\) is a \textit{\(d\)-space} if for each up-directed set \(D \subseteq X\), \(\sup_X D\) exists and \(\sup_X D \in \mathrm{cl}_X D\). Consider a subset \(Y\) of a topological space \(X\). An element \(x \in X\) is a \textit{solimit point} for \(Y\) in \(X\), if for each open set \(U\) in \(X\) containing \(x\), there exists an element \(y \in U \cap Y\) such that \(y \leq_X x\). Let \(\mathrm{sob}_X Y\) denote the set of all solimit points for \(Y\) in \(X\). A subset \(Y \subseteq X\) is sober in \(X\) if \(Y = \mathrm{sob}_X Y\). Finally, a space \(X\) is \textit{sober} if \(X\) is sober in each \(T_0\)-extension \(Y \geq X\). A space \(X\) is an \(\alpha^*\)-space if for each open set \(U\) in \(X\) and each element \(x \in U\), there are elements \(x_0,\dots,x_n \in U\) such that \(x \in \mathrm{int}(\uparrow \!x_0\cup \dots \cup \uparrow\! x_n)\). A continuous function \(\delta : X \to X\) is a \textit{deflation} if the set \(\delta(X)\) is finite and \(\delta(x) \leq_X x\) for all \(x \in X\). A space \(X\) is a \(\Delta\)-space if there is an up-directed family \(\{\delta_i : X \to X \mid i \in I\}\) of deflations of \(X\) with the property that for every open set \(U\) of \(X\) and every \(x \in U\), there is \(i \in I\) such that \(\delta_i(x) \in U\).