Gradient estimates for a nonlinear parabolic equation on Riemannian manifolds (Q5919921)

Let \(M\) be a complete noncompact manifold. The aim of this paper is to study gradient estimates for the positive solutions to the nonlinear parabolic equation \[ \frac{\partial u}{\partial t} = \Delta _{f}u +au \log u + bu \] on \({M \times [0, + \infty)}\), where \(a, b\) are two real constants, \(f\) is a smooth real-valued function on \(M\) and \[ {\Delta_f = \Delta - \nabla f \nabla}. \] By replacing \(u\) by \(e^{\frac{b}{a}}u\), the evolution equation reduces to \[ \frac{\partial u}{\partial t} = \Delta _{f}u +au \log u. \] The authors obtain a gradient estimate for positive solutions of the above equation if \(N\)-Bakry-Emery Ricci tensior of \(M\) is bounded from below by a negative constant. As an application, they obtain a Harnack inequality and a Gaussian lower bound of the heat kernel of such an equation.