Bifurcations of limit cycles from quintic Hamiltonian systems with a double figure eight loop (Q5920529)

The paper studies perturbed Hamiltonian systems of the form \[ \begin{aligned} \dot x&=y+\varepsilon P(x,y),\\ \dot y&=-x^5-bx^3-x+\varepsilon yQ(x,y), \end{aligned} \tag{1}\(_{\varepsilon}\) \] where \(b\) is a negative constant with \(b<-\frac{4}{\sqrt{3}}\), \(\varepsilon >0\) is small and \(P\) and \(Q\) are polynomials of degree 5 and 4, respectively. The unperturbed system \((1)_{0}\) has the elliptic Hamiltonian of degree six \[ H(x,y)=\frac{y^2}{2}+\frac{x^2}{2}+\frac{bx^4}{4}+\frac{x^6}{6}, \] exhibiting a double figure eight loop, consisting of two homoclinic loops and a heteroclinic loop. It is shown that near the double figure eight loop system \((1_{\varepsilon})\) can have 14 limit cycles with two different distributions.