Characterizations of metric projections in Banach spaces and applications (Q5926220)

Based on semi-inner products and duality mappings, characterizations of metric projections onto a nonempty closed convex subset \(C\) of a Banach space \(X\) withoutany special geometrical property are presented in the paper as generalizations of those known in Euclidean and Hilbert spaces and those obtained in the paper of \textit{D. Landers} and \textit{L. Rogge} [J. Approx. Theory 31, 199-223 (1981; Zbl 0467.41014) ] and in the paper of \textit{R. R. Phelps} [SIAM J. Control Optim. 23, 973-977 (1985; Zbl 0579.90099)]. These characterizations together with their geometrical interpretations based on the notion of an obtuse angle are given in the form of equivalent conditions and are specified to the case of a Banach lattice and to the case when \(X\) is a vector lattice with respect to the preorder defined by the obtuse \(C\) and the norm of \(X\) is nondecreasing on \(C\). Applications to decompositions of Banach spaces along convex cones and to variational inequalities appearing in terms of metric projections (see the second cited paper above) are also shown.