Asymptotic stability of solutions of singularly perturbed boundary value problems with boundary and internal layers (Q5926557)

Let \(\varepsilon\) be a small parameter, \(D\subset \mathbb{R}^2\) a bounded simply connected domain with a smooth boundary \(\partial D\), and \(B_\delta\) be the Dirichlet or the Neumann boundary operator on \(\partial D\), defined by \(B_\delta u= (1-\delta)u+\delta(\partial u/\partial n)\), \(\delta= 0,1\). The main results of the paper concern the following problems: \[ L_\varepsilon u= \varepsilon^2(\Delta u+ a_1(x) u_{x_1}+ a_2(x) u_{x_2})- f(u,x, \varepsilon)= 0\text{ in }D;\;B_\delta u= g(x)\text{ on }\partial D,\tag{1} \] and the associated parabolic problems: \[ \begin{cases} L_\varepsilon v- v_t= 0\text{ in }D\times (0,+\infty),\;B_\delta v= g(x)\text{ on }\partial D\times (0,+\infty),\\ v(x,0)= v_0(x)\text{ in }\overline D.\end{cases}\tag{2} \] Under several conditions on the data, the authors prove the existence of step-like contrast structures (in critical and noncritical cases) and boundary layer solutions to (1) which, treated as stationary solutions to (2), are asymptotically stable; they investigate their influence domains, and their local uniqueness. They provide estimates of the leading eigenvalues of the linearized operator in the selfadjoint case. Their approach is based on the existence of convenient upper and lower solutions.