On the simultaneous distribution of the fractional parts of different powers of prime numbers (Q5929399)

Fix an integer \(k\geq 2\) and distinct exponents \(\alpha_1,\dots, \alpha_k\in (0,1)\), and let \(S(a_1,\dots, a_k;x)\) denote the number of primes \(p\leq x\) for which each fractional part \(\{p^{\alpha_i}\}\) lies in the range \([0,a_i)\) for \(i\leq k\). It was shown by \textit{D. Tolev} [J. Number Theory 37, 298-306 (1991; Zbl 0724.11043)] that \[ S(a_1,\dots, a_k;x)= a_1\dots a_k\pi(x)+ O(x^{1-\delta}) \] for \(0< a_i\leq 1\), with a certain constant \(\delta= \delta(\alpha_1,\dots, \alpha_k)> 0\). The present paper gives three improved values for \(\delta\). In particular it is shown that one may take \[ \delta= \min\biggl\{ \frac{1} {4k+6}, \frac{\alpha_k} {4k-2} \biggr\}, \] if \(\alpha_1> \alpha_2>\dots> \alpha_k\). The proofs depend on estimates for exponential sums over primes.