A generalization of the problems of iterates (Q5929494)

The authors propose a generalization of the problem of the iterates. Let us recall that, given \(P=(P_1(x,D), \dots,P_N (x,D))\), an \(N\)-tuple of linear partial diential operators of order \(m\) with smooth coefficients in \(\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^n\), the space \(G^s(\Omega,P)\) of the \(s\)-Gevrey vectors is defined as the set of all \(f\in C^\infty (\Omega)\) such that for \(H\subset\subset\Omega\) \[ \|P^\lambda u\|_{L^2(H)}\leq C^{|\lambda|+1}\bigl((m \lambda) !\bigr)^s \] with \(P^\lambda= P_1^{\lambda_1}\dots P_N^{\lambda_N}\). When \(P=(D_{x_1}, \dots,D_{x_n})\) we have \(G^s(\Omega,P)= G^s(\Omega)\), the class of the Gevrey functions of order \(s\) in \(\Omega\). The problem of the iterates consists in finding conditions on \(P\), so that \(G^s(\Omega,P) \subset G^s (\Omega)\) [(see for example \textit{P. Bolley}, \textit{J. Camus} and \textit{L. Rodino} [Rend. Semin. Mat. Torino 45, No. 3, 1-61 (1987; Zbl 0701.35055)]). The authors give here necessary and sufficient conditions for the validity of the inclusion \(G^r(\Omega,P)\subset G^s(\Omega,Q)\), when \(P\) and \(Q\) are fixed partial differential operators with constant coefficients.