Elliptic convolution operators on non-quasianalytic classes (Q5932159)

For a weight function \(\omega\) denote by \({\mathcal E}_{(\omega)}\) (resp. \({\mathcal E}_{\{\omega\}}\)) the \(\omega\)-ultradifferentiable functions of Beurling- (resp. Roumieu-) type and by \({\mathcal D}_{(\omega)}'\) (resp. \({\mathcal D}_{\{\omega\}}'\)) the corresponding classes of \(\omega\)-ultradistributions. For \(\mu\in {\mathcal E}_{*}'(\mathbb{R}^N)\) denote by \(S_\mu\) the convolution operator induced by \(\mu\) on \({\mathcal D}_{*}'(\mathbb{R}^N)\). Then \(\mu\) is called \(*\)-elliptic if \(\ker S_\mu\) is contained in the space \({\mathcal A}(\mathbb{R}^N)\) of all real analytic functions on \(\mathbb{R}^N\). Under the hypothesis that \(\omega\) is a strong weight the authors show that \(S_\mu\) is the composition of an ultradifferential operator of class \(*\) with a translation. They also show that \(\mu\) is \(*\)-elliptic iff \(\ker S_\mu\subset {\mathcal A}(\mathbb{R}^N)\) and also iff there is \(A\geq 1\) such that \(|{\mathfrak I}z|\geq A^{-1}|{\mathfrak R}z|\) whenever \(|z|\geq A\) and \(\widehat\mu(z)= 0\), where \(\widehat\mu\) is the Fourier-Laplace transform of \(\mu\). Answering a question of Chou, they prove that \(*\)-ellipticity of \(\mu\) implies the surjectivity of \(S_\mu\). The present work extends a classical result of Ehrenpreis and results of Chou and Abdullah-Zielezny.