The Waring formula and fusion rings (Q5932173)

The fusion potential for \(su(N)_K\) can be obtained as a perturbation of the Landau-Ginzberg potential that generates the cohomology ring of the Grassmannian. The connection between the fusion ring of \(su(N)_K\) and the cohomology ring is based on the fact that the rules for multiplying the Schubert cycles which generate the cohomology ring of the Grassmannian formally coincide with the rules for multiplying Schur functions. On the other hand, the irreducible characters of \(su(N)\) are also given by Schur functions with some constrain which is exactly the mentioned perturbation. The potential that generates the cohomology ring of the Grassmannian turns out to be given in terms of a power sum symmetric function. The author uses the Waring formula for presenting the power sums in terms of elementary symmetric polynomials and expresses the cohomology potential of the Grassmannian and the fusion potentials for \(su(N)_K\) and \(sp(N)_K\) by the coefficients of some algebraic equations. In the formulation of the paper, the fusion potentials for \(su(N)_K\) and \(sp(N)_K\) are generalizations in several variables of Chebyshev polynomials in one variable. As a consequence, the author obtains relations with generalized Fibonacci and Lucas numbers in the same way as the one-variable Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind and the second kind are related with the ordinary Lucas and Fibonacci numbers, respectively.