Invariant curves and topological invariants for real plane analytic vector fields (Q5935540)

The author presents sufficient algebraic conditions on the coefficients of the vector field defining a foliation, such that there exists a real analytic invariant curve (one-dimensional over \(R\)). The conditions are valid under the hypothesis that the foliation is a real generalized curve (RGC); a foliation is a RGC if there is no real saddle-node singularity at the end of the resolution process. For a real analytic plane vector field \(Y\), set \(\nu\) for its multiplicity and \(\mu\) for its Milnor number. The author proves that if \(Y\) is RGC for which \(\nu\) or \(\mu\) is even, then there exists a real separatrix.