On the first Laplacian eigenvalue and the center of gravity of compact hypersurfaces (Q5935730)

Given a closed hypersurface \(N\) in a space form \(M = M(\kappa)\), the author defines a center of gravity \(c\) of \(N\) as a critical point of the smooth function \(M\ni p\mapsto \int_N h_\kappa \circ d_p\), where \(d_p\) is the distance from \(p\) while \(h_\kappa\), \(h_\kappa (0) = 0\), is the primitive of \(sn_\kappa\), the unique solution of \(y'' + \kappa y = 0\) with \(y(0) = 0\) and \(y'(0) = 1\). If \(\kappa\leq 0\), such \(c\) is unique, otherwise it is not. The author provides a number of estimates for \(\lambda _1\), the first positive eigenvalue of the Laplacian on \(N\) in terms of \(d_c\), mean curvatures and volume of \(N\). For instance, if \(\kappa\geq 0\), then \(\lambda _1\cdot\int_M sn_\kappa ^2\circ d_c\leq n\operatorname {vol} N\), where \(n = \dim N\).