Involution semigroups are not globally determined (Q5936177)

The global \(\Gamma(S)\) of a semigroup (or algebra in general) \(S\) is the semigroup formed by all subsets of \(S\). A class \(C\) of semigroups is globally determined, if \(\Gamma(S_1)\cong\Gamma(S_2)\) implies \(S_1\cong S_2\) for \(S_1,S_2\in C\). The class of groups and the class of semilattices are globally determined [\textit{T. Tamura} and \textit{J. Shafer}, Math. Jap. 12, 25-32 (1967; Zbl 0189.30302), \textit{Y. Kobayashi}, Semigroup Forum 29, 217-222 (1984; Zbl 0537.20034)], while the class of all semigroups is not globally determined [\textit{E. M. Mogiljanskaja}, Semigroup Forum 6, 330-333 (1973; Zbl 0267.20059)]. The authors prove that the class of involution semigroups is not globally determined. They utilize the non-isomorphic semigroups \(S_1\) and \(S_2\) with isomorphic globals constructed by Mogiljanskaja [loc. cit.] and show that the zero-unions, \(S_1\cup\widetilde S_1\cup\{0\}\) and \(S_2\cup\widetilde S_2\cup\{0\}\) are non-isomorphic but their globals are isomorphic, where \(\widetilde S\) denotes the dual semigroup of \(S\).