Characterization of \(L^p (\mathbb R^n)\) using Gabor frames (Q5937485)

A Gabor family generated by a function \(g\) on \(\mathbb R^d\) is a collection of functions \[ g_{m,n}(x)= e^{2\pi i \omega_0 m \cdot x} g(x-n), \] for all \(m,n \in \mathbb Z^d\). Given two dual functions \(\phi\) and \(\psi\), i.e., such that \(\sum_l \widehat{\phi} (\xi-\omega_0 l) \overline{\widehat{\psi} (\xi-\omega_0 l)} = A\) a.e. \(\xi \in \mathbb R^d\), and a function \(f\) on \(\mathbb R^d\), we may consider its expansion: \(\sum \langle f, \phi_{m,n} \rangle \psi_{m,n}\). The authors show that for a function \(f \in L^p (\mathbb R^d)\), \(1<p<\infty\), its Gabor expansion converges in \(L^p\) and almost everywhere to \(f\). Moreover, its \(L^p\) norm can be characterized in terms of the Gabor coefficients , where now functions \(\phi\) and \(\sigma\) need not be dual (in the above sense). The proofs are based on the Carleson-Hunt theorem. For analogous results, obtained through the study of modulation spaces, see [\textit{K. Gröchenig} and \textit{C. Heil}, Stud. Math. 146, No. 1, 15--33 (2001; Zbl 0970.42021)]. In addition to the above characterizations, the authors prove that for \(f \in L^1\) its Gabor expansions converge to \(f\) in \(L^1\) and almost everywhere in a certain Cesàro sense. As a consequence of the above results, the authors show that a large class of Gabor families generate Banach frames for \(L^p(R^n)\), \(1\leq p < \infty\).