Separating coordinates for the generalized Hitchin systems and the classical \(r\)-matrices (Q5938847)

A general class of integrable Hamiltonian systems are the generalized \(\text{GL}(m,{\mathbb C})\) Hitchin systems studied by \textit{E. Markman} [Compos. Math. 93, No. 3, 255-290 (1994; Zbl 0824.14013)] and \textit{F. Bottacin} [Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér., IV. Sér. 28, No. 4, 391-433 (1995; Zbl 0864.14004)]. They are defined on a moduli space of pairs (holomorphic vector bundles over a Riemann surface, meromorphic section of the adjoint bundle). An important particular case is the one of elliptic or nodal curves -- the bundle is rigid and one is dealing with endomorphisms of a fixed bundle; the systems can be expressed in terms of classical rational, elliptic or trigonometric \(r\)-matrices and the systems are referred to as the respective Gaudin models. Further specializations yield the Neumann oscillator, the finite gap solutions to the KdV, the Boussinesq, the Landau-Lifschitz equations etc. The paper focuses on the separation of variables and exhibiting of natural Darboux coordinates for the generalized Hitchin systems. In the particular cases mentioned above one obtains detailed formulae.