Sheaves on finite posets and modules over normal semigroup rings (Q5939625)

Let \(C\subset \mathbb{Z}^d\) (\(\mathbb{Z}\) denoting the integers) be an affine semigroup (i.e. a finitely generated monoid) and \(R=k[C]\) (\(k\) a field). Assume also that \(C\) is normal. In this paper the author studies the local cohomology modules of \(R\) with support in a monomial ideal \(I\) (i.e. a \(\mathbb{Z}^d\)-graded ideal of \(R\)), and their injective resolutions. This extends results of the author and others obtained in the case that \(R\) is a polynomial ring [for example \textit{K. Yanagawa}, Math. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 131, 45-60 (2001; Zbl 1090.13013)]. In order to do this the author studies the category \textbf{Sh} of sheaves (with values in finite dimensional \(k\)-vector spaces) on the poset \(L\) of faces of the cone of \(C\), the category of square free \(R\) modules, and the the category of straight \(R\)-modules (the latter two extending earlier definitions of the author in the polynomial case). Note that the canonical module \(\omega_R\) is straight. If \(C\) is simplicial the three categories are equivalent, and are abelian with enough injectives. Furthermore (still in the simplicial case) a minimal injective resolution in the category of \(\mathbb{Z}^d\)-graded \(R\)-modules is also a minimal injective resolution in the category of straight \(R\)-modules (proposition 5.7). This permits a reduction of questions about injective resolutions to \textbf{Sh} obtaining, for example, a combinatorial description of the Bass numbers of \(H^i_I(R)\) if \(R\) is simplicial and Gorenstein, and \(I\) is a radical monomial ideal in \(R\) (corollary 5.15).