Towards cohomology of renormalization: bigrading the combinatorial Hopf algebra of rooted trees (Q5940532)

The authors study bigradings of Hopf algebras appearing in the renormalization theory. In particular they study the Hopf algebra of undecorated rooted trees \(H_R\) and two closed Hopf subalgebras: the cocommutative subalgebra \(H_{\text{ladder}}\) of pure ladder diagrams and the Connes-Moscovici noncocommutative Hopf subalgebra \(H_{CM}\) associated to the transverse index theory for foliations. The bigradings are provided by the number of nodes and an index that specifies the degree of primitivity of elements. The dimensions of spaces for small bidegrees are computed by iterations of the coproduct and then generating procedures for all bidegrees are provided.