Initial value problems for impulsive differential inclusions of first order (Q5942506)

The authors consider the impulsive problem \[ y'\in F(t,y),\quad t\in [0,T],\quad t\neq t_k,\;k= 1,2,\dots,m,\tag{1} \] \[ y(t^+_k) =I_k(y(t^-_k)),\;k=1,2,\dots,m,\quad y(0)=a, \] with \(T >0\), \(0<t_1 < t_2<\dots < t_m < T\), \(F : [0,T]\times \mathbb{R}\to 2^{\mathbb{R}}\), \(I_k:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}\) and \(a\in\mathbb{R}\). Under the assumptions that \(F\) is closed, bounded, convex-valued, \(F\) is \(L^1\)-Carathéodory (i.e., measurable in \(t\) for each \(y\), upper-semicontinuous in \(y\) for almost all \(t\) and for each \(\rho > 0\) there exists \(\phi_\rho\in L^1([0, T],\mathbb{R}_+)\) such that \(\|F(t,y)\|\leq \phi_\rho(t)\) for almost all \(t\in [0,T]\) and all \(y\) with \(|y|\leq \rho)\), \(I_k\) is continuous, and there exist lower and upper solutions \(\alpha\) and \(\beta\) respectively, then it is proven that there exists a solution \(y\) to (1) such that \(\alpha(t)\leq y(t)\leq \beta(t)\) for all \(t\in [0,T]\). No monotonicity assumptions are made on the \(I_k\)'s. The proof makes use of a fixed-point theorem for condensing maps by M. Martelli. Two other related existence theorems are also proven.