Sums and limits of generalized direct families of algebras (Q5943061)

The central notion of this paper is that of a generalized direct family of algebras. This notion generalizes that of a directed family of algebras. Let \((I,\leq)\) be an upwards directed quasi-ordered set, \(\tau\) a type of algebras and \((A_i;i\in I)\) and \((B_i;i\in I)\) two families each consisting of pairwise disjoint algebras of type \(\tau\). For \(i,j\in I\) with \(i\leq j\) let \(f_{ij}\) be a homomorphism from \(A_i\) to \(B_j\). Moreover, assume the following: For every \(i\in I\), \(f_{ii}\) is an embedding of \(A_i\) into \(B_i\). For every positive integer \(n\), every \(n\)-ary operation symbol \(f\) of \(\tau\) and every \(i_1,\dots,i_n\in I\) there exists an \(i\in I\) with \(i\geq i_1,\dots,i_n\) such that \(f_{B_i}(f_{i_1i}(a_1),\dots,f_{i_ni}(a_n))\in A_i\) for all \((a_1,\dots,a_n)\in A_{i_1}\times\dots\times A_{i_n}\), and for each \(j\geq i\) there holds \(f_{ij}(f_{B_i}(f_{i_1i}(a_1),\dots,f_{i_ni}(a_n)))=f_{B_j}(f_{i_1j}(a_1),\dots,f_{i_nj}(a_n))\). Then \((I,(A_i;i\in I),(f_{ij};(i,j)\in I^2,i\leq j),(B_i;i\in I))\) is called a generalized direct family of algebras carried by \(I\). In the paper limits and sums of such families of algebras are studied. In the case of generalized direct families of algebras carried by idempotent algebras some subdirect decompositions of their sums are investigated.