Ring extensions, injective covers and envelopes (Q5943206)

Let \(R\) be a ring with identity element. For any ring homomorphism \(R\to S\), the functor \(\Hom_R(S,-)\) preserves injective envelopes of left \(R\)-modules if and only if \(R\) is left semi-Artinian and \(\Hom_\mathbb{Z}(R,M)\) is essential in \(\Hom_\mathbb{Z}(R,N)\) whenever \(M\) is an essential submodule of a left \(R\)-module \(N\). This result depends on the characterization of left semi-Artinian rings as those rings \(R\) with the following property: for any index set \(I\) and any two families \(\{M_i\mid i\in I\}\) and \(\{N_i\mid i\in I\}\) of left \(R\)-modules with \(M_i\) essential in \(N_i\) for all \(i\in I\), \(\prod_{i\in I}M_i\) is essential in \(\prod_{i\in I}N_i\). If \(R\) is a commutative Noetherian ring, then for any ring homomorphism \(R\to S\), the functor \(\Hom_R(S,-)\) preserves injective covers if and only if \(R\) is a direct product of finitely many fields.