On the existence of certain measures appearing in distance geometry (Q5943213)

The main result of the nice paper is the following: Let \(X\) be any compact connected Hausdorff space and let \(f: X\times X\to \mathbb{R}\) be any continuous function. Then there is some regular Borel measure \(\mu\) on \(X\) such that the function \[ \varphi(x)= \int_X f(x,y) d\mu(y) \] is constant on \(X\) if and only if for every \(n\) and all families \(\{x_1,\dots, x_n\}\) and \(\{y_1,\dots, y_n\}\) of (not necessarily distinct) elements of \(X\) there is some \(x\in X\) such that \[ \sum^n_{j=1} f(x_j, x)= \sum^n_{j=1} f(y_j, x) \] holds true. As a corollary it is shown that an \(n\)-dimensional real Banach space \(E= (\mathbb{R}^n,\|\cdot\|)\) embeds isometrically into some \(L^1\) iff for all families \(\{x_1,\dots, x_n\}\) and \(\{y_1,\dots, y_n\}\) in the sphere \(S_E\) there is some \(0\neq x\in E\) such that \(\sum_j|(x_j, x)|= \sum_j|(y_j, x)|\) holds true. Here, \((\cdot,\cdot)\) denotes the usual scalar product in \(\mathbb{R}^n\).