A duality theorem for periodic solutions of a class of second order evolution equations (Q5943235)

Let \(H\) and \(V\) be two Hilbert spaces of infinite dimension with \(V\subset H\), \(V\) dense in \(H\), and let us consider the differential equation \[ u''+cu'+lu=f(t,x), \quad u\in V,\;u'\in H. \] Here, \(c>0\) is a fixed constant, \(l\) is a selfadjoint linear operator which is densely defined on \(H\) and \(f\) is a nonlinear function that is \(T-\)periodic with respect to time. The authors show that the two well-known approaches to the study of the periodic solutions to the problem are equivalent by showing that the degrees associated to the Poincaré operator in the first approach and the integral operator in the second approach, respectively, coincide.