Spherical means and the restriction phenomenon (Q5943954)

In the paper, the restriction problem for the Fourier transform after averaging over rotations is studied. For suitable functions \(f\) on \(\mathbb R^2,\) estimates of the form \[ \left\{\int_{\text{SO}(2)}\left[\int_{\mathbb R^2}|\hat f(\xi)|^2 d\sigma_\Theta(\xi) \right]^{s/2} d\Theta\right\}^{1/s}\leq c\|f\|_p \] are considered with \(s\geq 1,\) \(1\leq p\leq 2,\) \(\Theta\in \text{SO}(2),\) \(d\sigma=\psi dm,\) where \(dm\) denotes the Lebesgue measure on a smooth convex arc \(\Gamma\) and \(\psi\) is a suitable cutoff function, while \(\sigma_\Theta\) is defined by \(\sigma_\Theta(E)=\sigma(\Theta E).\) The results differ much for different \(s.\) For the known case \(s=\infty,\) the results depend on the isotropic decay of the Fourier transform of \(d\sigma,\) which in turn depends on the local curvature properties of \(\Gamma.\) For \(s<\infty,\) it is shown in the paper that the results depend on several factors. Not only the average decay of the Fourier transform is among them but also the center of rotation and the degree to which the arc in question is different from a circle. More attention is given to the case \(s=2\) since certain known operators come out naturally. Some results are also obtained for the case where the Lebesgue measure is replaced by a fractal measure.