On Müntz rational approximation rate in \(L^p\) spaces (Q5944133)

Let \(\Lambda:\lambda_1 <\lambda_2< \dots< \lambda_n<\dots\) be an increasing sequence such that for a certain \(M>0\), \[ \lambda_{n+1} -\lambda_n \geq M n, \quad n \geq 1. \] The corresponding set of Müntz polynomials \(\Pi_n(\Lambda)\) is the linear space generated by the powers \(\{ x^{\lambda_1}, \dots, x^{\lambda_n}\}\), and the Müntz rational functions of degree \(n\), \[ R_n(\Lambda)=\{P/Q:P,\;Q \in \Pi_n(\Lambda),\;Q \geq 0 \text{ on } (0,1],\;P/Q \text{ continuous at } x=0 \}. \] Moreover, for \( f \in L^p[0,1]\), \(1 \leq p \leq \infty\), as usual \[ R_n(f)_{L^p}=\inf_{r \in R_n(\Lambda)} \|f-r\|_{L^p[0,1]}, \] \[ \omega(f, t)_{L^p}=\sup_{|h|\leq t} \|f(\cdot + h) - f( \cdot) \|_{L^p[0,1]}. \] The main result of the paper asserts that there exists a constant \(C_M\) (depending upon \(M\) and valid for all \(p\geq 1\)) such that for all \(f \in L^p[0,1]\), \[ R_n(f)_{L^p} \leq C_M \omega(f, 1/n)_{L^p}. \] For \(p=1\) this theorem has been proved by \textit{J. Bak} in [J. Approximation Theory 20, 46-50 (1977; Zbl 0352.41011)].