Dolbeault cohomology of compact nilmanifolds (Q5944924)

Let \(M\) be a real compact nilmanifold, i.e. a quotient of a real Lie group \(G\) by a discrete cocompact subgroup \(\Gamma\). A classical result of \textit{K. Nomizu} [Ann. Math. (2) 59, 531-538 (1954; Zbl 0058.02202)] states that the de-Rham-cohomology of \(M\) is isomorphic to the Lie algebra cohomology of the Lie algebra of \(G\). Now assume that \(M\) admits a left invariant complex structure. Then \(M\) is a complex manifold and one may regard the Dolbeault cohomology of \(M\). One may hope that this cohomology also can be calculated in terms of the Lie algebra. If the complex structure is bi-invariant (i.e. if \(M\) is the quotient of a complex Lie group by a discrete cocompact subgroup) this is indeed the case; this is a result of Kodaira, published in an article by \textit{Y. Sakane} [Osaka J. Math. 13, 187-212 (1976; Zbl 0361.22005)]. In the article under review the authors study the case where the complex structure is only left-invariant. This left-invariant complex structure on \(M\) corresponds to an involution \(J\) on the Lie algebra. The authors show that for a rational left-invariant complex structure (``rational'' means that the involution \(J\) on the Lie algebra can be defined over \({\mathbb Q}\)) the Dolbeault cohomology can be calculated via the Lie algebra, just as desired. Moreover, given a rational left-invariant complex structure there is an open subset in the moduli space of left-invariant complex structures such that this result still holds for every complex structure associated to a point in this open neighbourhood.