Synchronization in lattices of coupled oscillators with various boundary conditions (Q5945236)

The authors consider the asymptotic synchronization in an \(n\times n\) lattice of coupled systems \[ x_i' = y_i, \quad y_i'= c_1(Ly)_i + c_2(Lx)_i + \beta_i y_i + \alpha_i x_i + f_i(x_i,y_i) + g_i(t),\tag{1} \] where \(i=(i_1,i_2)\) for \(1\leq i_1,i_2 \leq n\); \(\beta_i\), \(\alpha_i\) are constants, \(f_i(0,0)=0\), \(g_i(t)\) is a periodic function, \((c_1,c_2)\) are coupling coefficients and L is a diagonalizable operator on \(\mathbb{R}^{n^2}\). The paper presents sufficient conditions for the asymptotic synchronization in system (1) for Dirichlet, Neumann, and periodic boundary conditions. The notion of asymptotic synchronization is understood in the sense of \textit{V. S. Afraimovich}, \textit{S. N. Chow} and \textit{J. K. Hale} [Synchronization in lattices of coupled oscillators, Physica D 103, No. 1-4, 442-451 (1997)], i.e, when the global attractor approaches the diagonal provided the coupling coefficients become sufficiently large.