On \(M\)-ideals of compact operators in Lorentz sequence spaces (Q5945937)

Let \(K(X,Y)\) be the subspace of compact operators between Banach spaces \(X\) and \(Y\) in \(L(X,Y)\), the Banach space of bounded linear operators. \(K(X,Y)\) is an \textit{\(M\)-ideal} in \(L(X,Y)\) if there exists a linear projection \(P\) on \(L(X,Y)^*\) with \(\ker P=K(X,Y)^\bot=\{f\in L(X,Y)^*: f(S)=0\) \(\forall S\in K(X,Y)\}\) satisfying\(\|f\|=\|Pf\|+\|f-Pf\|\) for every \(f\in L(X,Y)^*\). It is well known that \(K(\ell_p,\ell_q)\) is an \(M\)-ideal for all \(p,q\in (1,\infty)\), but \(K(\ell_1,\ell_q)\) is never an \(M\)-ideal. In particular, if \(p>q\) then \(K(\ell_p,\ell_q)=L(\ell_p,\ell_q)\); i.e., \(K(\ell_p,\ell_q)\) is a trivial \(M\)-ideal [see \textit{J. Lindenstrauss} and \textit{L. Tzafriri}, ``Classical Banach Spaces, I. Sequence spaces'', Berlin-Heidelberg-New York (1977; Zbl 0362.46013)]. Combining existing results and known methods in the paper the following result is shown (Theorem 2.1): Let \(1\leq p,q<\infty, X=d(v,p), Y=d(w,q)\), where \(d(v,p)\) and \(d(w,q)\) are Lorentz sequence spaces. Then (a) \(K(X,Y)\) is a trivial \(M\)-ideal (i.e., \(K(X,Y)=L(X,Y)\)) whenever \(p>q\) and \(w\notin \ell_{p/(p-q)}\), (b) \(K(X,Y)\) is not an \(M\)-ideal whenever \(p>q\) and \(w\in \ell_{p/(p-q)}\), (c) \(K(X,Y)\) is not an \(M\)-ideal whenever \(1=p\leq q\). The main results of the paper are the following theorems. {Theorem 3.4.} If \(1<p\leq q<\infty\) and \[ \sup_n {W_n\over{V_n^{q/p}}}<\sup_{m,n}{W_n\over{V_{m+n}^{q/p}-V_m^{q/p}}}, \] then \(K(d(v,p),d(w,q))\) is not \(M\)-ideal, where \(V_n=\sum_{k=1}^n v_k, W_n=\sum_{k=1}^n w_k, v=(v_k), w=(w_k)\). Theorem 4.2. If \(s>1, 1<p\leq q/s\), and \(v=(v_k)\) satisfies \(V_m^s+V_n^s\leq V_{m+n}^s, m,n=1,2,\ldots\), then \(K(d(v,p),d(w,q))\) is an \(M\)-ideal for any \(w=(w_k)\). Moreover, \(K(d(v,p),d(w,q))\) is not complemented in \(L(d(v,p),d(w,q))\).