String partition functions and infinite products (Q5946034)

This paper continues the exploration, begun by \textit{T. Kawai} [String duality and enumeration of curves by Jacobi forms, in ``Integrable systems and algebraic geometry'' (M.-H. Saito, Y. Shimizu and K. Ueno, eds.), World Scientific, 282-314 (1998; Zbl 1005.11016), hep-th/9804014], of the conjectural expression for the Gromov-Wittten potentials for a class of elliptically and \(K3\) fibered Calabi-Yau 3-folds in the limit where the base \(P^1\) of the \(K3\) fibration becomes infinitely large. It is argued that at least in this limit the string partition function (= the exponential generating function of the Gromov-Witten potentials) can be expressed as an infinite product in which the Kähler moduli and the string coupling are treated on an equal footing. Technically speaking, the authors use the exponential lifting of the weight zero Jacobi form to reach the infinite product as in the work of \textit{R. E. Borcherds} [Invent. Math. 120, 161-213 (1995; Zbl 0932.11028)]. However the relevant Jacobi form is here associated with a lattice of Lorentzian signature. A major part of the paper is devoted to an attempt to interpret the infinite product or more precisely the Jacobi form in terms of the bound states of D2- and D0-branes using a vortex description and its suitable generalization.