Padé approximants and quadratures related to certain strong distributions (Q5946604)

This paper is concerned with the approximate quadrature formulas (qf) of the form \(I_n(f)=\sum_{k=1}^n A_k f(x_k)\) for an integral \(I_w(f)=\int_a^b f(x)w(x) dx\). Using two-point Padé-type approximants (2PTA) to the Cauchy transform \(F_w(z)=I_w((z-x)^{-1})\), Gauss-type qf can be obtained that are exact for the space of Laurent polynomials spanned by \(\{x^j:j=-k,\ldots,2n-1-k, 0\leq k\leq 2n\}\). In this paper, this problem is discussed in particular for a \(c\)-inversive weight, i.e., a weight satisfying \(w(x)=(\sqrt{c}/x)w(c/x)\) for some \(c>0\) [see \textit{S. Ranga}, Numer. Math. 68, No. 2, 283-294 (1994; Zbl 0811.41027)]. This symmetry property implies corresponding symmetries in the qf and the 2PTA. Convergence for finite intervals \((a,b)\) was proved by the authors in [J. Comput. Appl. Math. 105, 229-243 (1999; Zbl 0948.46032)]. Here the proof is given for \((a,b)=(0,\infty)\), both for 2PTA and qf, but also for derived results where \(w\) is a complex weight, provided appropriate qf are used.