Nonclassical Gorenstein curves. (Q5948856)

Let \(C\) be a complete irreducible algebraic curve of arithmetic genus \(g\) over an algebraically closed field of characteristic \(p > 0\) and assume that the canonical morphism defined on the nonsingular model of \(C\) induces a morphism \(C \to {\mathbb{P}}^{g-1}\) onto a curve (in particular \(C\) in not hyperelliptic). Since \(p > 0\), generic Hasse sequence of invariants \(\{ b_j \}, \;1 \leq j \leq g-1\) can be different from \(\{ 0, 1, ..., g-1 \}\) and \(C\) is called nonclassical Gorenstein curve. For further information the reader is refered to \textit{K.-O. Stöhr} and \textit{J. F. Voloch} [Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. (3) 52, 1--19 (1986; Zbl 0593.14020)]. The classification of nonclassical Gorenstein curves with \(3 \leq g \leq 4\) is due to \textit{K. Komiya} [Hiroshima Math. J. 8, 371--400 (1978; Zbl 0406.14007)] for nonsingular case and to \textit{E. Sousa Freitas} and \textit{K.-O. Stöhr} [Math. Z. 218, No. 4, 479--502(1995; Zbl 0862.14020)] in general. Further cases (e.g. \(g-3 \leq p \leq g-1\) or \(p=2, \;g=2^n+1\)) have been solved by \textit{R. Rosa} [see for instance, J. Algebra 225, No. 1, 359--380 (2000; Zbl 1020.14009)]. In this paper the authors extend (under suitable conditions) the classification given by Freitas and Stöhr to curves with \(g \geq 5\) and the description is given by considering the problem for \(C\) of being \textit{strange}, by showing the possible \(p\) and by finding a surface (a ruled surface or a cone) containing \(C\) (see Thm. 1.1).