De Rham cohomology of configuration spaces with Poisson measure (Q5949556)

Given a Riemannian manifold \(X\), the configuration space \(\Gamma_X\) is defined as the set of locally finite subsets \(\gamma \subset X\), which are naturally identified to sums of Dirac measures. In previous works, e.g. [J. Geom. Phys. 37, No. 1-2, 15-46 (2001; Zbl 0969.60055)], the authors have introduced spaces of differential forms and related operators on configuration spaces under Poisson measures. In this paper they analyze the structure of the associated de Rham cohomology under a Poisson measure \(\pi\) with intensity the volume measure \(\sigma\) on \(X\). The tangent space \(T_\gamma \Gamma_X\) to \(\Gamma_X\) at \(\gamma \in \Gamma_X\) is defined as \(L^2(X\rightarrow TX;d\gamma)\) and identified to \(\bigoplus_{x\in \gamma} T_xX\). A differential form of order \(n\) is viewed as a mapping from \(\Gamma^X\) into the antisymmetric tensor power \[ \bigwedge^n (T_\gamma \Gamma_X) = \bigwedge^n \left(\bigoplus_{x\in \gamma} T_xX\right). \] Bochner and de Rham Laplacians on differential forms over configuration spaces are then constructed from their analogs at the level of the manifold \(X\). For example, if \(\Delta^X_x\) denotes the natural Bochner Laplacian on the bundle \(\bigwedge^n T_{\gamma \setminus \{x\} \cup \{y\}} \Gamma \to y\), and \(W:\Gamma^X \rightarrow \bigwedge^n (T_\gamma \Gamma_X)\) is a differential form, the Bochner Laplacian \(H^B\) on \(\Gamma\) is defined as \[ H^B W (\gamma) = - \sum_{x\in \gamma } \Delta^X_x W_x(\gamma ,x), \] where \(W_x(\gamma,y) = W((\gamma_\setminus \{x \}) \cup \{y\})\), \(x,y\in X\). Similarly, let \[ {\mathbf d}_n W(\gamma) = \sum_{x\in \gamma } d_{x,n} W_x(\gamma ,x), \quad \text{and} \quad {\mathbf d}^*_n W(\gamma) = \sum_{x\in \gamma } d^*_{x,n} W_x(\gamma ,x), \] where \(d^*_{x,n}\) denotes the adjoint of the natural exterior derivative \(d_{x,n}\) on the bundle\break \(\bigwedge^n T_{(\gamma \setminus \{x\}) \cup \{y\}} \Gamma \to y\). The Hodge-de Rham Laplacian \({\mathbf H}^{(n)}\) on \(n\)-forms is then defined as \[ {\mathbf H}^{(n)} W (\gamma) = ({\mathbf d}_{n-1}{\mathbf d}^*_{n-1} + {\mathbf d}^*_n{\mathbf d}_n)W(\gamma)= \sum_{x\in \gamma} (d_{x,n-1}d^*_{x,n-1} + d^*_{x,n} d_{x,n})W_x(\gamma ,x). \] The space \(\bigoplus_{n=0}^\infty \text{Ker } {\mathbf H}^{(n)}\), where \(\text{Ker } {\mathbf H}^{(n)}\) is the space of harmonic forms over \(\Gamma_X\), is shown to be isomorphic to a Hilbert tensor algebra. As an application the authors show that the space \({\mathcal H}^n_\pi = Z^n / B^n\) of reduced \(L^2\)-cohomologies, where \(Z^n = \text{Ker~} {\mathbf d}_n\), and \(B_n = \overline{\text{Im } {\mathbf d}_{n-1}}\), can be identified to \(\text{Ker } {\mathbf H}^{(n)}\). Moreover they show that \({\mathcal H}^n_\pi\) is finite-dimensional, and provide an explicit formula for its dimension. It follows from this formula that the spaces \({\mathcal H}_\pi^n\) vanish for \(n\) big enough, provided the cohomologies of \(X\) of even order do vanish.