The effects of temporal delays in a model for a food-limited, diffusing population (Q5949587)

This paper deals with an adaption of the well-known logistic equation in mathematical ecology, that is \[ \begin{cases} {\partial u\over\partial t} -\Delta u=\lambda u{1-u(x,t-\tau) \over 1+cu(x,t-\tau)}\quad \text{in }D,\\ u(x,t)= 0\quad \text{on } S,\\ u(x,s)= \eta(x,s)\quad\text{on }D_{-\tau}, \end{cases}\tag{1} \] where \(D=\Omega\times (0,\infty)\), \(S=\partial \Omega\times (0,\infty)\), and \(D_{-\tau}= \overline\Omega \times[-\tau, 0]\), with \(\Omega\) a bounded domain in \(\mathbb{R}^n\), \(n=1,2,3\). The authors consider the steady states of (1) and show that in addition to the trivial solution \(u\equiv 0\), a unique positive steady state exists if the value of \(\lambda\) is sufficiently large. This existence proof is based on the construction of upper and lower solutions. Next they study the local and global stability of these steady states and describe some numerical simulation of (1).