Positivity and complexity of ideal sheaves (Q5950052)

The aim of the paper is to examine various measures of complexity of a polynomial ideal from a geometric perspective, in particular from the perspective of vanishing theorems and intersection theory. Given a non-singular variety \(X\) and an ample divisor \(H\) on \(X\), an invariant \(s_H({\mathcal J})\) of a sheaf of ideals \(\mathcal J\) on \(X\) is defined, which measures how much \(\mathcal J\) must be twisted in order to make it positive. The definition is inspired by ideas of \textit{R. Paoletti} [J. Differ. Geom. 40, 475-504 (1994; Zbl 0811.14034) and Atti Accad. Naz. Lincei, Cl. Sci. Fis. Mat. Nat., IX. Ser., Rend. Lincei, Mat. Appl. 6, 259-274 (1995; Zbl 0874.14018)]. Two of the principal results of the present paper are: Theorem A. Let \(s=s_H({\mathcal J})\). Then \[ \sum s^{\dim Z}.\deg_H Z \leq s^n. \deg_H Z \] where the sum is taken over all irreducible components of Zeroes\((\mathcal J)\). If \(\mathcal J\) is integrally closed (but not otherwise) then the same inequality holds including in the sum also the embedded associated subvarieties of Zeroes\((\mathcal J)\). Theorem B. If \(H\) is very ample, then \[ \lim_{p\rightarrow \infty}{\text{reg}_H}({\mathcal J}^p)/{p}= \lim_{p\rightarrow \infty}{{d}_H}({\mathcal J}^p)/{p}=s_H({\mathcal J}) \] where \(\text{reg}_H\) is the Castelnuovo-Mumford irregularity and, for an ideal \(\mathcal I\), \(d_H (\mathcal I)\) denotes the least integer \(d\) such that \({\mathcal I}(dH)\) is globally generated. Thus the invariant \(s_H({\mathcal J})\) bounds exactly the asymptotic regularity of powers of \(\mathcal J\). Other results relate \(s_H(\mathcal J)\) to arithmetic degrees and index of nilpotence of powers of \(\mathcal J\).