Conditions for the existence and uniqueness of periodic solutions to nonautonomous differential equations (Q5951132)

Here, in some sense optimal conditions are given for the existence and uniqueness of periodic solutions to nonautonomous ordinary differential equations of the type \[ u^{(2m)}=\sum_{k=0}^{2m-1} p_k(t) u^{(k)}+q(t)\quad\text{ and} \quad u^{(2m)}=f(t,u,u^\prime,\dots,u^{(2m-1)}), \] where \(p_k(t)\), \(q(t)\) and \(f(t,u,u^\prime,\dots,u^{(2m-1)})\) are periodic in \(t\) and \(f:\mathbb{R}\times \mathbb{R}^{2m}\to \mathbb{R}\) satisfies the local Carathéodory conditions. Unlike some known results, the uniqueness theorems cover the case in which the equations in question contain all intermediate derivatives of the solution.