Periodic solutions to nonlinear nonautonomous systems of ordinary differential equations (Q5951381)

The system of differential equations \[ \dot x = (A(t) + B(t, \lambda) + F(t, x, \lambda))x, \quad \tag{1} \] is considered, where \(x\in E_n, A(t), B(t, \lambda)\) and \(F(t, x, \lambda)\) are \(n \times n\)-matrix functions \(\omega\)-periodic in \(t,\lambda\) is a parameter and \(E_s\) is an \(s\)-dimensional vector space. It is assumed that the matrix functions \(A(t), B(t, \lambda)\) and \(F(t, x, \lambda)\) are continuous on the set \([0, \omega]\times R(\delta_0)\), \(R(\delta_0)=\{(x, \lambda): \mid \lambda \mid \leq \delta_0, \mid x \mid \leq \delta_0\), \(\delta_0 \text{ is a number} \}, B(t,0)\equiv 0, F(t,0,\lambda)\equiv 0\), and system (1) satisfies conditions guaranteeing the existence and uniqueness of a solution and its continuous dependence on the initial data and on the parameter. The aim of the present paper is to derive conditions for the existence of a nonzero periodic solution to system (1) in a neighborhood of the zero solution. Along with the system (1), the authors consider the system \[ \dot y = (A(t)+ B(t, \lambda) + F(t, x(t,\alpha,\lambda), \lambda))y. \quad \tag{2} \] The following theorem is proved. The solution \(x(t, \alpha, \lambda)\) is an \(\omega-\)periodic solution to system (1) if and only if system (2) has an \(\omega\)-periodic solution with the same initial condition.