On subharmonics bifurcation in equations with homogeneous nonlinearities (Q5951621)

The authors define an \(n\)-subharmonics bifurcation point and that at infinity for the Liénard equation \( x'' + Ax' + [(m/n)^2] x =f(t,x,x'; A)\), where \(-1\leq A \leq 1\) is a scalar parameter, \(m\), \(n\) are mutually prime numbers, and \(f\) is of homogeneous nonlinearity, periodic, \(f(t,0,0; A)=0\). Basing on their previous work, they derive corresponding sufficient conditions for \(n\)-subharmonics bifurcation, where \(f\) can also include delays. Analogous statements are proved for bifurcations of \(p\)-periodic orbits of a planar dynamical system. The analysis is based on harmonic linearization and topological methods.