Centralizer coalgebras, FRT-construction, and symplectic monoids (Q5952280)

Let \(R\) be a Noetherian integral domain and \(E\) the endomorphisms of a free \(R\)-module \(V\) of rank \(n\). The centralizer coalgebra \(M(A)\) of a subset \(A\subseteq E\) is defined as \(E^*/K(A)\) where \(K(A)\) is the extension to \(E^*\) of the \(R\)-linear span of commutators associated to elements of \(A\) via the trace map. The analysis of several complements and evaluations leads to the two comparison theorems of section 3. The first one says that the dual algebra of the centralizer coalgebra is isomorphic to the centralizer algebra \(C(A)\), and the second says that when \(C(A)\) is a direct summand of \(E\) there is an epimorphism of coalgebras from \(M(A)\) to \(C(A)^*\) whose kernel is just the \(R\)-torsion of \(M(A)\). When \(A\) is an \(R\)-subalgebra the behavior of \(M(A)\) under ring extensions of \(R\) is very good since \(M(S\otimes_RA)\) is isomorphic to \(S\otimes_RM(A)\). As a consequence the projectivity of \(M(A)\) is characterized. Replacing \(V\) by the \(r\)-fold tensor product \(V^{\otimes r}\) previous constructions are extended to certain matric bialgebras, i.e., quotients of the tensor algebra \(\bigoplus_rE_r^*\) where \(E_r=\text{End}_R(V^{\otimes r})\). The coideals considered are \(\bigoplus_rK(A_r)\) where each \(A_r\) is a subalgebra of \(E_r\). The family \(\{A_r\}\) is generated by \(N\subseteq E_2\). In the classical FRT construction \(N\) consists of just one element. The last sections are devoted to the case where \(N\) has two special elements. An \(R\)-basis is computed in terms of Young diagrams and bideterminants. A major tool in computing the basis is the proof of some straightening formulas which provide relations on the bideterminants. When \(R\) is an algebraically closed field these algebras are recognized as the coordinate ring of the Zariski closure of the group of symplectic similitudes. The symplectic Schur algebra over a Noetherian integral domain is proven to be isomorphic to the centralizer algebra of a Brauer algebra.