Extremal ultrafilters and topologies on groups (Q5954027)

The paper deals with ultrafilters related to Ramsey ultrafilters and \(P\)-points on groups with some extremal properties. It contains a few results about a \(P\)-point and some consequences for topological groups with a finite semigroup of ultrafilters, for indecomposable and \(\aleph _{0}\)-indecomposable topological groups. It is also shown that if a countable topological group has a finite semigroup of ultrafilters, then this semigroup is an idempotent semigroup. The clear proof of a result of \textit{S. M. Sirota} [Mat. Sb., n. Ser. 79(121), 179-192 (1969; Zbl 0184.26403)] is given in the paper and a converse statement is obtained. As a consequence, a group-topological characterization of Ramsey ultrafilters is obtained: an ultrafilter \(p\) on a Boolean group \(\mathbb B\) is a Ramsey ultrafilter if and only if the largest group topology \(\tau (p)\) on \(\mathbb B,\) in which \(p\) converges to zero, is extremally disconnected and \(p\) contains an independent subset.