Generative complexity in semigroup varieties (Q5954069)

Let \(\mathcal V\) be a variety of algebras, then the sequence \(\{G_{\mathcal V}(k)\}_{k=0}^\infty\) is called the \(G\)-spectrum of \(\mathcal V\) if \(G_{\mathcal V}(k)\) is the number of non-isomorphic algebras from \(\mathcal V\) with a set of generators of size \(k\). We say that \(\mathcal V\) has very few models if there exists a polynomial \(p\) such that \(G_{\mathcal V}(k)\leq p(k)\) for all \(k\) and \(\mathcal V\) has a linear \(G\)-spectrum if there exists a linear function \(l\) such that \(G_{\mathcal V}(k)\leq l(k)\) for all \(k\). The author proves that a semigroup variety \(\mathcal V\) has very few models if and only if either \(\mathcal V\) is generated by a zero-semigroup or \(\mathcal V\) is generated by a semigroup \(L\times R\times A\), where \(L\) is a left-zero semigroup, \(R\) is a right-zero semigroup and \(A\) is a finite Abelian group. A semigroup variety \(\mathcal V\) has a linear \(G\)-spectrum if and only if either \(\mathcal V\) is generated by a zero-semigroup or \(\mathcal V\) is generated by a semigroup \(L\times R\times A\), where \(L\) is a left-zero semigroup, \(R\) is a right-zero semigroup and \(A\) is a power of a cyclic group of prime order.