Extension of Ambarzumyan's theorem to general boundary conditions (Q5955038)

The main purpose of the presented paper is to extend the classical Ambarzumyan theorem for the Sturm-Liouville equation to general boundary conditions by imposing an additional condition on the potential function. There are also other results such as issues to the Pöschel-Trubowitz inverse spectral theory and parallel results for vectorial Sturm-Liouville systems. The paper is organized as follows. Section 2, Scalar case, shows that, for the zero potential, the spectrum is zero if and only if the boundary phases are equal, and gives a description of the main theorems. Section 3, The vectorial case, proves the Ambarzumyan theorem for Dirichlet boundary conditions and for some other boundary conditions.