On the birth of a closed hyperbolic universe (Q5955379)

In this short paper of 6 pages the authors have developed and clarified the results of their previous work on the birth of a closed universe. Negative spatial curvature and multiply-connected topology are used. Essentially four steps are evolved in constructing the model. The ideas involved at each stage are explained at length. The instanton orbifold and second topology change are discussed. The paper ends with a discussion arguing briefly for the compatibility of a compact hyperbolic universe both with the observed fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background as well as an inflationary scenario leading to the current density ratio, \(\Omega_0<1\).